【英语】 主谓一致:并列结构作主语
我们知道,中英一大区别在于,英文中存在“主谓一致”问题,即要求句子中的主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致。
但若是并列结构作主语,谓语动词又当如何呢?并列结构作主语,主谓一致问题通常要分为以下几种情况:
1. and/ both...and
(1)若意义为复数,则谓语用复数。
Both Lucy and her mother like going shopping. 路西和她妈妈都爱购物。
(2)若并列结构不是指两个或以上的人/物,则谓语用单数。
Egg and rice is her usual breakfast. 她早上通常吃蛋炒饭。
(3)并列结构中有each, every或many a等限定词,谓语一律用单数。
Every boy and every girl in this class is good at English.
这个班每个男生女生英语都很好。
2. or/ nor/ either...or
由or/ nor/ either...or连接的并列结构,主谓通常遵循“就近原则”。
Either my parents or my brother is at home. 要么我爸妈在家,要么我哥哥在家。
3. as much as
若主语后面跟着由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等引导的从属结构,谓语根据主语本身单复数而定。
His brother rather than his parents is at home. 是他哥哥而不是他爸妈在家。
4. as well as
若主语后面跟着as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with 等引导的词组时,谓语动词取决于主语本身。
The boy, together with his parents, is visiting the museum.
这个男孩和他父母正在参观博物馆。
由上可知,并不是所有并列结构都是两个或以上的复数概念!因此,当并列结构作主语时,谓语切不可主观采取“一刀切”的方法,而是要具体问题具体分析。